TJCTC Updates 4.01.2024

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Hello Judges, Constables, and Court Staff,

We have several important updates for you, including some recent caselaw updates. Please make sure you read the full email.

SB 4 Update

There have been a few more rulings on SB 4, but the current state of the law is still that S.B. 4 is not in effect. We will keep you updated if anything changes.

In the meantime, TJCTC resources have been updated to reflect the impact of SB 4 on justice courts in the event that it goes into effect.

The Magistration Deskbook has been updated. See page 60-61 for updates related to SB 4.

U.S. Supreme Court Issues Opinion Related to Social Media and Liability for Public Officials

You may need to talk to your county attorney about what steps you need to take to ensure that your private social media accounts don’t open you up to potential liability.

In Lindke v. Freedthe U.S. Supreme Court unanimously held that a public servant who:

  1. had actual authority to speak on behalf of the State on a particular matter, and
  2. purported to exercise that authority

could open themselves to potential liability if they block people from seeing their posts from their private accounts on social media.

The example they give is a mayor officially announcing on his personal Facebook page that he is using his authority under a local ordinance to suspend enforcement of certain parking rules.  If that were the case, the mayor would be unable to block citizens from access to his personal Facebook page.

The Court gives an example that might be worth following:

Had official’s account carried a label (example: “this is the personal page of [insert official’s name]”) or a disclaimer (example: “the views expressed are strictly my own”), the official would be entitled to a heavy (though not irrebuttable) presumption that all of the posts on their page were personal and not in their official capacity.

It’s probably time to edit your personal pages to make sure that this language is there. 

The Court also states “an official who uses his staff to make a post will be hard pressed to deny that he was conducting government business.”

It is a best practice to keep your personal social media accounts and official social media accounts separate and not ask any employees to post or maintain your personal accounts.

The Court is very clear that a public official can have private speech and can limit who receives that private speech.   There are going to be “hard-to-classify cases,” so you will need to talk to your county attorney about any advice or policies they may put into practice in your county.

Texas Court of Criminal Appeals (CCA) Rules that Refusal of Consent to Search NOT an Indication of Criminal Activity

Lall v. State is a straightforward opinion from the CCA that holds that a defendant’s lawful refusal to consent to a search cannot be considered in making a determination of probable cause or reasonable suspicion. This decision is consistent with how courts have treated a defendant’s assertion of other constitutional rights, like when a person invokes their Fifth Amendment right to remain silent as not being admissible as evidence of guilt.

State Bar Justice Court Section Webinar

The State of Debt Collection in Justice Courts, 1 hr

According to a 2018 Federal Reserve report, there were 59.5 Billion debit or credit card swipes a year in the United States. That boils down to 165 million swipes/day; approximately 15% of which occur in Texas (25 million/day; 1.8 million/hour; 30,000/minute; 500/sec). That’s a lot of plastic. Since then, things have only increased. This course will look at trends in the consumer debt arena both in terms of activity and evolving debt types and will review how these claims ultimately arrive and are presented to the courts. Topics will include digital documentation and an orientation to “fin-tech” debt.

Additionally, with increased activity comes increased scrutiny. This course will explore both the operational focus of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and the current regulatory environment, including the Fair Debt Practices Act and the more recently enacted Reg. F. Included will be a discussion of the Model Validation Notice, the limitations on contact activity and methods of communication, as well as the opportunities presented by the utilization of digital platforms.

Speaker: Michael Scott

April 12, 2024 at 12:00 PM CDT

Zoom Registration: https://us06web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZEkfuGrrTIpEtNHsq828Gj7GumB9calOPk0%20#/registration

NCSC Webinars and Programs

Tiny Chats

Do you watch the NCSC Tiny Chats? They are short videos on topics related to court procedures and increasing fairness and confidence in the courts. The most recent Tiny Chat is about chat bots and how they can be helpful to court websites. Also, NCSC is partnering with Law Droid to build a lucky court a chat bot for free.

Highlights in Fines and Fees Reform

Later this week, watch our own Texas Supreme Court Chief Justice, Nathan Hecht, as he moderates a discussion about how several states are updating how they handle fines and fees.

Registration Link: https://ncsc-org.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_YV04G9GPRdu8EAOOo9hkMg?utm_campaign=486477_Whats%20on%20April%201%202024&utm_medium=email&utm_source=dotdigital&dm_i=7L57,AFD9,4VW08I,1IB0V,1#/registration

April is Retiring

Our wonderful Office Coordinator April Williams is retiring at the end of April. If you have any well-wishes you would like to pass along, please email Jessica at jessforeman@txstate.edu

We hope the month of April is kicking off to a great start in your courts and offices! 

Thea & the TJCTC Team

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Important Update – SB 4

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In the 4th Special Session of the 88th Texas Legislature, the Legislature passed SB 4, a bill which created several new immigration-related criminal offenses, as well as a procedure for magistrates and courts in certain situations to issue orders for defendants to return to a foreign country. The law was scheduled to go into effect March 5, 2024. The United States filed a lawsuit seeking an injunction and was joined by several other plaintiffs, including El Paso County.

On February 29, 2024, a United States District Judge issued a preliminary injunction, blocking the state of Texas from implementing the provisions of SB 4. Gov. Greg Abbott immediately signaled his intention to appeal the decision. For now, the law is not in effect. Please monitor further email updates, as well as www.tjctc.org, for updates and guidance as more information becomes available.

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TJCTC Updates 2.23.2024

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Good Afternoon Judges, Constables, & Court Staff,

With February coming to a close, we wanted to share some more resources, updates, and especially some legal updates with you. 

Updates from Legal

Warrant Teletypes

Can a judge magistrate on the teletype of a warrant, or do they need an actual copy of the warrant?

You are not legally prohibited from magistrating on a teletype when you do not have a copy of the warrant, but it is definitely a best practice to have the warrant. Teletypes can sometimes have incorrect information or not have enough detail, which can then result in errors in setting bail. Here are some examples of potential problems:

  • You might not know if the warrant has been issued by the trial court judge (which would mean you are prohibited from making a bail decision) or by a magistrate (in which case you are required to make a bail decision), and this also impacts how the bail form is filled out in the PSRS.
  • If the teletype says, “no bail,” it is not always clear if it is saying no bail is allowed or just that there is not a recommended dollar amount.
  • Without the details from the warrant, you will often not have enough information about the circumstances under which the offense was committed, which is one of the factors that must be considered when determining bail.

These are just three examples; other problems could arise as well. So while it is not technically required, TJCTC recommends having a copy of the warrant to ensure that you make a good bail decision.

Texas Supreme Court Finalizes Updates for Rule of Judicial Administration 7

Earlier this week, the Texas Supreme Court published their final updates to the Rules of Judicial Administration regarding confidentiality policies.  The new Rule 7.1 requires all courts (including justice courts) to develop a confidentiality policy and rules for training and distributing the policy to court staff. They also helpfully included their own policy which may be used as a model for other courts.

Upcoming Webinars

TAA Lease Update for 2024, hosted by TJCTC (1 civil hr.)

February 23rd from 10:00 – 11:00 a.mTODAY!!!

Join TAA for a review of the latest version of its lease! This class will allow courts to fully understand the terms of the most commonly-used lease in eviction and other landlord-tenant disputes.

Registration link: https://txstate.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_a5eSTV1pSg2vrIosPqOScA#/registration

Implementing SB4: Magistrate’s Order to Return, hosted by TJCTC

Feb 29th from 2 – 3:00 p.m.

Instructor: Bronson Tucker

This webinar will cover SB 4, taking effect on March 4th, which allows magistrates processing defendants charged with Illegal Entry into Texas to issue orders for the defendant to leave the United States. It is critical that magistrates follow the law precisely to avoid liability, and these issues will be covered in this critical course.

Registration: https://txstate.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_3oUM3-19S4C40lTAYHqSRA

Impaired Driving Behavioral Interventions Around the Globe, hosted by The Impaired Driving Behavioral Interventions Interest Group

March 13 at 9:00 am Central Time

This webinar will highlight current evidence based impaired driving behavioral interventions conducted in Iran, Brazil, Canada, and the United States. An interactive panel will follow these presentations including:

  • How best practices and effective interventions can be implemented across the globe.
  • Where are the challenges to implement these strategies?
  • What does research tell us about the effectiveness of pre-trial/pre-sentence interventions for the impaired driver population?
  • Where are the gaps in training and education for these countermeasures?
  • What impaired driving technologies can help with implementation of interventions?

Registration: https://us06web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_M1A93de1SOa9Nz1lIEmTzQ#/registration

National Center for State Court Updates

NCSC Releases New Guide to Mental Health Diversion

This guide is intended to serve as a resource framework for courts and judges to use to promote and implement diversion strategies for individuals with behavioral health needs in their communities. Ideally, judges would collaborate with a range of system stakeholders to examine the entire diversion continuum but could also focus on one step of the process at a time. This guide focuses on jail diversion systems, post arrest, and pre plea. NCSC also hosted a Mental Health Diversion webinar in December 2023 on “Lessons from the Field.”

Download from the NCSC website.

NCSC Inclusive Language Resources

NCSC updated the Gender Inclusive Language Toolkit to reflect the best practices learned since initially releasing it over a year ago. It has a fresh look and light restructuring, but the message is the same. Check it out!
Also, here is a sample benchcard for quick tips and best practices that you can download. While the bench card is primarily directed to judges, the guidance in it is applicable to all professionals in the legal field.
Finally, if you have not yet watched the Tiny Chat or webinar on the topic, they are great quick references.

Updates from the Judicial Commission on Mental Health (JCMH)

JCMH routinely sends out updates including resources and training that is helpful for justice courts. If you would like to get these updates, subscribe to their email list.

Update on Legal Calls

We have had a large number of calls finding their way into the wrong voicemail inboxes. Remember, please dial 512-347-9927 and press “1” for legal calls. If you don’t, the voicemails end up with our program staff who also have a high call volume. Often times your legal call messages end up lost in their inboxes and don’t get transferred to the legal team for several days.

As always, we are looking forward to seeing you at a program in the upcoming months. We have a very busy Spring full of education events for you lined up from TJCTC!

Thea & the TJCTC Team

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